{"schemaVersion":"cwiki-fiche-1.0","identifiers":{"inchiKey":"QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-ZWKOTPCHSA-N","prefName":"Cannabidiol","symbol":"CBD","iupacName":"2-[(1R,6R)-3-méthyl-6-prop-1-én-2-ylcyclohex-2-én-1-yl]-5-pentylbenzène-1,3-diol","aliases":["Cannabidiol"],"cas":"13956-29-1","pubchemCid":"644019","chebiId":null,"smiles":"CCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)O)[C@@H]2C=C(CC[C@H]2C(=C)C)C)O","molecularFormula":"C21H30O2","molecularWeight":314.46,"xrefs":{"pubchem":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/644019"}},"classification":{"family":"principal","familyLabel":"Fitocannabinoide mayor","origin":"natural","originLabel":"Naturel","structuralClassFr":null},"originSynthesis":{"heading":"Vía biosintética","summaryFr":"Descarboxilación térmica del CBDA, producido este a su vez a partir del CBGA mediante la CBDA-sintasa","originNote":"Planta","discovered":"1940"},"pharmacology":{"summaryFr":"El cannabinoide mayoritario no psicótropo. A diferencia del THC, el CBD no se fija ortostéricamente en CB1: actúa como modulador alostérico negativo (Laprairie BJP 2015) con una afinidad directa > 10 µM. Su polifarmacología es amplia - agonista 5-HT1A (Russo 2005, Ki ≈ 16 µM), agonista TRPV1 (EC50 ≈ 3,5 µM) / TRPV2 / TRPA1, antagonista GPR55 (Ryberg 2007), modulador positivo de la glicina GlyRα3, inhibidor de la recaptación de la adenosina, agonista PPARγ. Es esa polifarmacología la que explica el abanico terapéutico: epilepsia farmacorresistente, ansiedad, inflamación, dolor. Farmacocinética: Tmax 2,5–5 h; biodisponibilidad oral 6–19 % multiplicada por 5 con una comida rica en grasas (ficha técnica FDA de Epidiolex); semivida 56–61 h. Inhibidor fuerte del CYP2C19 - la interacción clínicamente significativa con el clobazam (Devinsky NEJM 2017) impone una vigilancia en politerapia. Medicamento: Epidiolex/Epidyolex (Jazz/GW Pharma) aprobado por la FDA en junio de 2018 y por la EMA en septiembre de 2019 para el síndrome de Dravet, el síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut y las crisis asociadas a la esclerosis tuberosa de Bourneville. En Francia, tras la sentencia Kanavape (TJUE C-663/18, 19 de noviembre de 2020), el CBD ≤ 0,3 % de THC está autorizado en consumo adulto.","receptorSummaryFr":"Modulador alostérico negativo de CB1 (Ki > 10 µM), agonista 5-HT1A (Ki ≈ 16 µM), agonista TRPV1 (EC50 ≈ 3,5 µM), antagonista GPR55","binding":[{"target":"CB1","efficacy":"modulator","relativeActivity":25,"reported":"MAN · Ki > 10 µM","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"CB2","efficacy":"partial_agonist","relativeActivity":35,"reported":"agoniste/antagoniste faible","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"5-HT1A","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":65,"reported":"Ki ≈ 16 µM","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"TRPV1","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":55,"reported":"EC50 ≈ 3,5 µM","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"GPR55","efficacy":"antagonist","relativeActivity":60,"reported":"antagoniste","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"PPARγ","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":40,"reported":"agoniste","confidence":"medium"}],"references":[{"label":"Laprairie - BJP 2015 · MAN CB1","pmid":"26218440","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26218440/"},{"label":"Russo - 5-HT1A 2005","pmid":"15829007","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15829007/"},{"label":"Devinsky - Dravet NEJM 2017","pmid":"28538134","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28538134/"}]},"pharmacokinetics":null,"metabolism":null,"detection":null,"subjectiveEffects":{"profile":[{"key":"calm","label":"Calma","description":"Relajación del cuerpo y de la mente; menos ruido mental, sin somnolencia marcada.","intensity":90},{"key":"focus","label":"Claridad","description":"Atención sostenida y pensamiento claro; lucidez funcional, sin euforia.","intensity":65},{"key":"sleep","label":"Sueño","description":"Efecto sedante: favorece la conciliación del sueño y la continuidad del sueño profundo.","intensity":55},{"key":"appetite","label":"Apetito","description":"Estimulación del hambre y de la apreciación gustativa (efecto «munchies»).","intensity":25},{"key":"uplift","label":"High","description":"Euforia e intensidad sensorial; percepción del tiempo y del espacio modificada.","intensity":40}],"doseRanges":null,"humanDataCharacterised":true},"indications":{"approvedMedicines":[{"brand":"Epidiolex / Epidyolex","context":""}]},"harmProfile":{"unstudiedBanner":false,"bannerTextFr":null,"toxicologyFr":null},"legal":{"scheduleStatus":"industrial-exempt","scheduleLabel":"Excepción del cáñamo","frScheduleStatus":null,"tiers":[{"jurisdiction":"international","jurisdictionLabel":"International","label":null,"reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"eu","jurisdictionLabel":"Union européenne","label":"Autorizado · reglamento (UE) 2021/2115","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"fr","jurisdictionLabel":"France","label":"Autorizado · uso adulto","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null}],"sourcesFr":"EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA."},"references":[{"label":"Laprairie - BJP 2015 · MAN CB1","pmid":"26218440","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26218440/"},{"label":"Russo - 5-HT1A 2005","pmid":"15829007","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15829007/"},{"label":"Devinsky - Dravet NEJM 2017","pmid":"28538134","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28538134/"}],"meta":{"slug":"cbd","url":"https://es.phytogrammes.com/wiki/cbd","lastVerified":"2026-05-01","dataUpdatedAt":"2026-05-01","confidence":"high","dataCompletenessPct":90,"disclaimerFr":"Contenu éditorial informatif, sans valeur d'avis médical ni juridique. Sources primaires citées par fiche. Réservé aux adultes."}}